THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF PSYCHIC AND SPIRITUAL SCIENCES, YOGA AND TANTRA SHASTRA
Oct – Dec, 2024 :: Vol. 103 No. 4
संकल्पाः कल्पतरवः, तेजः कल्पकोद्यानम
अनेक संकल्प ही कल्पतरु हैं, और तेज (मन) ‘कल्पक’ का उद्यान है।
ARISE !
Every ardent seeker after Truth, everyone who wishes to enter into the Empire of Krishna, has to realise it fully well that Krishna is not the name of any known God, but that of the God most cherished by you; yes, you have to know Him—any how, any way, any where, not any when, but now itself.
From the Editor
SOUL CONSCIOUSNESS
Looking at you, each and all, it is clearly perceptible that you have a physical-body as well as soul-body which in other words is said to be life of the physical body. We wish to implant in you and want you to realise that soul-consciousness is as real as bayonet thrust but only to those who valued their lives. It is the source of wisdom and true knowledge. The soul, the spark of God, being seated in you, you have the capacity to use your higher faculties, but surprisingly you being cut off from the main source i.e. your soul you cannot use the higher faculties. The material world is so illuminating and so charming that one is totally lost into it and therefore totally ignores the soul consciousness. Without soul consciousness you will never come to know either the purpose of your creation or the purpose of your life on this planet. You may say why should I think about my incarnation, it is the will of the God which has created the Earth, and us? If we live in plenty, it is his will; if we live in dearth it is again his will. No, you are wrong if you think so. If you don’t take it that you are the doer of your deeds, your karm, then the age old saying ‘as you sow so shall you reap’ will be nullified.
Mind you, if you wish to call yourself human you must develop your soul-consciousness. People in general, roaming with one single thought to procure riches and things, are like animals who only think for food and indulge in sexual instincts. The more you are captivated by the thoughts of material gains, more you sink into the depths of worry and sorrow with the result that you are drawn away from the soul consciousness. A balanced life of spiritual and material both will raise you to the heights of super consciousness and make you joyous and peaceful. You have been told time and again that accumulation of dead material objects unproportionate to your need by hook or by crook, you sow the seed of bad Karm whose results will also be bad — disease and misery, Spirituality inculcates good Karm. If you make it a part of your life, life-long, then a day may dawn when you get up in the morning with a smile on your face. Spiritual Sadhna takes you nearer to your soul — the seat of joy. You have spiritual or soul-body and physical both. Hence you are supposed to appease both, keep up both in good spirit.
No doubt, you have been sent on this planet with a physical body and hence you have to earn to make your body comfortable. It is also needed in the spiritual Sadhna. Without the body seated in a place of silence and suitable atmosphere, you will not be able to do your Sadhna. Hence you have to earn. But don’t have to burn yourself like others who carried away by the thought of superiority over others, indulge in practices deterrent and despicable to health and character. Now it’s time to touch another point which I wish to bring out is this: How to come in touch with the Soul or higher Soul who alone can hold and change our mind, our circumstances, our health and wealth. Ancient yog practices are only refuge for you to mend your thoughts and thereby your thinking. This is the only way to have a lucidity which reveals you what you could have never known otherwise.
The practices of Yog will enable you to touch the higher or lower levels of the universal mind that knoweth all that you may desire to know but it is imperative that you break down false conventions, false restrictions in life. You are partially free to think freely if you live within the reasonable and powerful convictions laid down by our scriptures. Otherwise you will not be able to think freely and enmesh yourself in the tangle you have made of your material life. As stated above, any change in your mental make-up will be possible after going through Ancient Yog Sadhna. Our course on the Holy Order of Krishna, based on the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita and the text on Ancient Yog which provide teachings of our scriptures.
POWER OF PRAYER – By Lautu Gautam
It is a common belief of one and all that planets and distant stars influence our body, mind and behaviour; but we have to awaken to the fact, the naked truth, and have to realise it fully well that our superstar, the Mind, has more influence on us than any other star. It is so near, enveloping us all the time, that no star howsoever powerful it might have been imagined by Astrologers can penetrate and make inroads in our life. Well, can anyone of us ever say that the planet earth on which we live and move is more intelligent, it has more power to influence us than our mind—the unconscious part of it has all the power and capacity to make us, or to mar us, completely. Planet earth and other planets also can only be a witness to it. All the children born under the same position of the planets should behave in the same manner in which our single child behaves—but you know it is never so. If the planets do affect the human body then every new born under the same planetary positions should have been alike. If planets position or stars position do govern us then our thoughts, our Karma, our deeds, our acts and our free-will will have no role in the drama of our life.
There are men and men; devotees and devotees; saints and saints; philosophers and philosophers. Few of these strive for the Krishna-life or the Buddha-life. The generality of mankind is thoroughly steeped in materialism and is governed by matter. Now-a-days only the sense gratification is thought to be the summon bonum of existence. The worldly man ridicules Yoga. So long as he indulges in sense-gratification, so long as he sleeps soundly in the lap of luxury, so long as he experiences no pain, so long as he stands in need of nothing, he cares little for anything but to worship his own body—the animal soul. He will strain every nerve to procure something which may gladden his (body) animal soul. Such a man cares for God (Shiva) only when he, all of a sudden, falls into the grips of pain which cuts a noble lesson deep on his mind. He then learns to pray. But how to pray is not known to him. He has been a slave to his senses all his life. He is a miserable slave. He goes to the temple and prays: “O God give me my bread, this and that.” Poor creature! Is it a prayer? Is this not begging pure and simple? ”To give explicit or implicit vent to the love which a devotee entertains for God (Shiva) is called prayer according to my point of view.”
To be more clear, when a devotee cannot help saying some words in praise of God out of the boundles love he has for God, he is said to pray. The earnest devotee loses himself in meditation. He forgets even his own personality. If a man asks something of God he is no devotee; he is a beggar; no beggar can become master. I see no reason why a devotee should beg something of God who knows what His devotee needs. I strongly advise my readers to draw a line between praying and begging. The man should pray constantly but he should not beg. One thing I wish to impress on your mind is that the man wishes for many things but he wants few things. Pray because you have to pray. You require both material and spiritual food to keep your body and soul together. I say “you cannot but pray.” Can you name the most sinful man who has never prayed outwardly or inwardly? The sinner cannot help praying. Just as you cannot help breathing, eating, sleeping, reading and so forth, in the same way you cannot help praying.
But please learn to pray in the proper way. There is always a good as well as a bad way of doing everything. What is worth doing is worth doing well. If you pray, please do not murder your time in finishing off the prayer somehow or other. It is a habit with some men to get rid of the prayer as rapidly as a mischievous school-boy would do of his books. They will repeat the prayer morning and evening without understanding a word, like a parrot, uttering everything and understanding nothing. They need care to understand what they have said to God. They will say in their prayer that they will never commit any kind of sin, but no sooner do they come to the turmoil of the world than they forget what they said before God. They tell off so many words before God (Shiva) in vain. Their minds fly rapidly like the wind. Hours, days, months and years will roll by, but they will achieve nothing by their mechanical prayers.
But the case is quite reverse with an earnest devotee. In no time he will turn out a spiritual giant. He will pray earnestly and will never give the lie to his words. He will not get flurried at trifling things. “Whatever God does is best for me” is his motto. If a disease overtakes him he welcomes it; in case of even the king of terrors seizing him he does not fear. He becomes one with God (Shiva). “But how to pray” is a question to be done. Well, the first step towards the spiritual improvement one should take is to control one’s body. One must be Master of one-self. Then, and then only, can one obtain admission to the domain of spirituality. How to control the mind? By ABHYASA (Practice). ” If thou art unable to fix thy mind steadily on Me” says the Lord Krishna, “then by Abhyasa Yoga, do thou reach me, O Dhananjaya. If thou art unable to practise Abhyasa, be thou intent on doing good actions for My sake; thou shalt attain perfection.” you have heard the Lord’s teaching. If you find yourself weak to get the better of your mind by Abhysa, busy yourself in doing good to humanity and to all the creatures. Never lower yourself by falling into selfism. A selfish man is totally unfit for this department. Once you pour out your heart to God, praying for the betterment of the suffering humanity, you are purified thereby.
Give a lift to the teeming millions of people to the best of your power. Give out a good thought to the needy. Thus doing good actions you may raise yourself and then you can pray in the proper way. But never engage yourself in asking this or that thing in return for your prayer. Sit up in a good place, the mind controlled, the body cleaned. Pray thus: “O God (Shiva) I take this body of mine and place it at your feet. Do not give me up O Lord. Everything is yours. You are my Love. I love you.” Pray constantly in such a way. I advise you not to ask worldly things of God but you may need such help as raises you to enter spirituality. And therefore pray thus:-“O Lord, purify us with water, purify us with solar rays, purify us with medicinal herbs, and above all purify us with Wisdom, i.e., endow us with powers of Mind by enlightening our intellects.” Rig Veda, Viii 19, 2. Thus pray that your spiritual eyes may be opened. You may have heard the name of one Pavahari Baba. He was a man who accomplished wonders with his prayer. There is nothing but can be accomplished by prayer. Therefore, friend, Pray always in the proper way shown to you. ***
THE LAUGHING PHILOSOPHY – By Ramananda
God is Love
Progressive physiology has caught a glimpse of a great truth once preached by the great ones of India. The modern advocates of this optimistic philosophy point out to long-faced mankind the value of a hearty laugh. They tell you how it brushes off nasty cob-webs from your brain and reveals to you a new and often times a humorous side to even the ugliest experience you ever came across; how man often intensifies his pain and miseries a million times more by viewing them all too seriously; how a morose and moody, a melancholy and dry attitude of mind is like a contagious disease that not only cramps and shuts off growth and intuition in your self but darkens and defiles ever so many other lives around you; how it renders the world worse than a dark prison where you rot all your life and how it is SIN you commit against God, yourself and humanity by always pulling a long face. They also tell you that a cheerful, loving and genial attitude would, by reflex action, steady your heart-action, quicken circulation, produce an all-round bracing effect on your physical self.
By all means take a dose of this philosophy daily, morning and evenings. It will do you good, mentally, physically and morally. It will take you through life with less pain and misery. Be serene and cheerful. Of course, at times we all do pull faces 100 yards long and look as glum as we can. But this is generally due to habit and we can overcome it greatly. There is a certain stage in man’s life when he is quite strenuous, hard, stern and serious. But this is all nonsense. If you feel like it, don’t show your face to the world. You have no right to carry around that infection. Go and mope by yourself. And if you are of a brighter turn, never tolerate these human ghosts. ‘A smile is as good as a prayer.’ This universe, says the Hindu philosopher, with its various contrasts, is the ‘play’ of the Lord. Yes, no doubt, it is. Let us go through the motions of life cheerfully and, as far as possible, sweetly. Everything is, and shall be, over-ruled for final good. So, don’t be ashamed to smile through your tears and don’t be afraid to ‘smile down’ the most long-faced fellow you know. No boisterousness please, and no laziness. We all are here to work, and work is sweet. Everything is moving towards perfection. I join the procession willingly and joyously. Learn the Law of Love, O Man! There alone is real Happiness. This law is simple. Dig into yourself and find out the secrets and the bearings of this law.
Everything says “Damn” to the brute who talks high-sounding intellectual things and yet whose heart is dry as bones. Even his creator hides His face from him. Cheerfulness is the first sign of a ripened wisdom and a clean life. “Love, more love, and fuller” we need. This is the heal-all of the world’s pain and despair. Between seriousness and joyousness–look for the golden mean. Extremes must be avoided here as elsewhere. Too much laughter and levity will exercise a weakening effect upon your mind. And too much seriousness and studied reserve will build around you a wall that shall soon be your coffin. Find the golden mean. And when pain comes, be glad. It will soften your heart so that at last you will shrink from inflicting pain on another even by a word. And when you have grown so ‘soft-hearted’, know for certain, God is very near. Poor foolish father and school master! He tries to thrash his boy into goodness and fails most lamentably.
Love is the only corrective, the only true educationist. Forgive, O man! forgive. If you are one who says long prayers to his God and yet is hard upon others, I say, then, you are a brute, a living beast. Be ashamed of yourself, you religious hypocrite. The man who eats beef, commits fornification and tells lies is better far than the hard-hearted priests with all their vegetarianism, long prayers and sanctiomonious decorum; only if the former has a warm heart. And I know you all will agree with me in this. Times are changing. Narrow mindedness and bigotry, prejudice, caste and priest-craft, with all their concomitant evils, must give place to a broader and free view of life. You may crow your loudest against the ‘New Light’ but it is going to prevail. Just as you seek independence for yourself, so ought you to leave others to find it for themselves. The atheist is as much to be honoured as the theist. Dare to be a free-thinker. Let none curb the independence of your soul. To love and be loved is the Ideal at present. ***
bhakti Yoga Lesson i – By Bhikshu
LESSON I— Synopsis: The Lessons here are a continuation of “Advanced Course in Yogi Philosophy”—Bhakti and Faith— Xian Doctrine of Faith and its base-Kant’s theory—Sradha and Bhakti—The Mantra of the lesson: “There is none other God but God.”.
We have treated in brief, rather we have touched only the fringe of the subject, in our “Advanced Course in Yogi Philosophy and Oriental Occultism,” when we stated that Bhakti Yoga is that branch or form of the Yogi Philosophy specially suited to those whose “religious nature” is largely developed and who prefer to grow into an understanding and union with the “Absolute” by the power of Love—by the inspiration that comes from the love of some conception of God and some form of worship that may accompany that conception of Deity. The terminology that was used was the terminology then current, and we used terms such as “Absolute” which mean nothing at all to-day in the language of pragmatism; but we had to use such terms as links between the then current translations of Hindu-Yogi ideas and the then incomplete terminology of the European intellectuals.
At the very outset we have to state that our subject is quite circumscribed by the fact that the metaphors used in the Hindu Bhakti Yogi Philosophy are untranslatable into western thought forms of expression; at every step, while using English terms, we have to state that the terms do not convey the idea of the complex Sanskrit original. Bhakti for instance has been often translated as faith and the term has been identified with the western doctrine of faith with which it has nothing to do. Bhakti signifies devotion, love, loyalty to something higher than oneself, mingled with an element of respect, reverence, and worship, says Mr. Sturdy, in translating the Narada Bhakti Sutras, and, as you can see, the definition given of Bhakti is still vague and indefinite.
Bhakti Yoga as the “Doctrine of salvation of love and devotion,” says Sturdy again, “will be found everywhere permeating Indian religious thought”. Again we can see that the idea of Bhakti Yoga is not expressed by this definition; the definition itself is based on a Semitic or Christian metaphysic where alone and not in the Hindu concept is there the idea of a something wanting to be saved; the Hindu idea of Moksha is belated and not antique thought and even then it does not imply the antithesis of anything more than a temporary Bondage (Bandha) to ignorance; never a bondage to sin as is the Christian doctrine.Great, therefore, will be the difficulty of those who want to compare Bhakti with the Christian doctrine of faith and want to account for its derivation by forced processes from the Christian doctrine or from the roots thereof in Judeo-Semitic ontology.
Writing as we do mainly for the English speaking peoples of the world, the majority of them of Europe and America, a general idea of the Christian doctrine of faith is necessary to show the correspondences, coincidences, differences with the Hindu-Yogi doctrine. Says Madame Annie Besant in her “Esoteric Christianity”: The general teaching in the early Church on the doctrine of Atonement was that Christ as the representative of humanity faced and conquered Satan the representative of the Dark powers who held humanity in bondage, wrested his captive from him and set him free. Slowly as Christian teachers lost touch with spiritual truths and they reflected their own increasing intolerance and harshness on the pure and loving Father of the teachings of the Christ they represented Him as angry with man and the Christ was made to save man from the wrath of God instead of from the bondage of evil. Then legal phrases intruded still further, materializing the once spiritual idea, and the “scheme of redemption” was forensically outlined. The seal was set on the redemption scheme by Anselm in his great work “Cur Deus Homo” and the doctrine which had been slowly growing into the theology of Christendom was thenceforward stamped with the signet of the Church. Roman Catholics and Protestants at the time of the Reformation alike believed in the vicarious and substitutionary character of the Atonement wrought by Christ. There is no dispute between on this point.
Luther teaches that Christ did truly and effectually feel for all mankind the wrath of God malediction and death. Flavel says that to the wrath of an infinite God without mixture to the very torments of hell was Christ delivered and that by the hand of his own father. The Anglican homily preaches that sin did pluck God out of heaven to make him feel the horrors and pains of death and that man being a firebrand of hell and a bondsman of the devil was ransomed by the death of His only and well beloved son. The heat of His wrath, burning wrath could only be pacified by Jesus, so pleasant was the sacrifice and oblation of His son’s death.
Edwards being logical saw that there was a gross injustice in sin being twice inflicted, first on Jesus the substitute of mankind, and then on the lost portion of mankind; so he in common with most Calvinists finds himself compelled to restrict the atonement to the elect and declared that Christ bore the sins not of the world but of the chosen of the world; he suffers not for the world but for them whom thou hast given me. But Edwards adheres firmly to the view of the belief in substitution and rejects the universal atonement for the very reason that to believe Christ died for all is the surest way of proving that he died for none in the sense Christians have hitherto believed. He declares that Christ suffereth the wrath of God for men’s sins; that God imposed his wrath due unto and Christ underwent the pains of hell for sin.
Owen regards Christ’s sufferings as a full valuable compensation to the justice of God for the sins of the elect and says that he underwent that same punishment that they were bound to undergo. Stroud makes Christ drink the cup of the wrath of God; Jenkins says He suffered as one disowned and reprobated and forsaken of God. Dwight considers that he endured God’s hatred and contempt. Bishop Jeune tells us that after man had done his worst, worse remained for Christ to bear; he had fallen into his father’s hands. Archbishop Thomson preaches that the clouds of God’s wrath gathered thick over the whole human race; they discharged themselves on Jesus only. He becomes a curse for us and a vessel of wrath. Liddon echoes the same sentiment; the apostles teach that mankind are slaves and that Christ on the cross is paying their ransom. Christ crucified is voluntarily devoted and accursed—he even speaks of the precise amount of ignominy and pain needed for the redemption and says that the divine victim paid more than was absolutely necessary.
This lengthy quotation is given for stating the basis on which Bhakti has arisen in the west; not that these ideas are in any wise correct; not that these ideas are compatible with the growing gentleness of everyday life in the world of civilization today, but because as we look backwards over the effects produced by this doctrine we find that belief in it, even in its legal and to us crude exoteric form, is connected with some of the very highest developments of Christian conduct and because of the fact that some of the noblest examples of Christian manhood and womanhood have drawn from it their strength, their inspiration and their comfort.
It would be unjust, continues Besant, not to recognize this fact. And the fact that the doctrine repellent as it is to more thoughtful minds to-day exercised over the minds and hearts of men and does exercise a compelling fascination, that it has been the root of heroic self-surrenders, of touching and pathetic examples of self-sacrifice in the service of man, is to be recognized and understood; something more there must be hidden therein, some kernel of life which has nourished those who have drawn from it their inspiration. And that something is faith, not Christian faith but its ancient Hindu equivalent, Sradha, an equivalent as antique as the Vedic literature.
We can understand it better when we read William James in his “Varieties of Religious Experience.” “The whole force of the Christian religious Bhakti, therefore, so far as belief in the divine personages determines the prevalent attitude of the believer is in general exerted by the instrumentality of pure ideas of which nothing in the individual’s past experience directly serves as a model.” Immanuel Kant held a curious doctrine about such objects of belief as God, the design of creation, the soul, its freedom and the life here after. These things, he said, are not properly objects of knowledge at all. Our conceptions always require a sense content to work with and as the words soul, God, immortality cover no distinctive sense content whatever; it follows that theoretically speaking they are words devoid of any significance. Yet strangely enough they have a definite meaning for our practice.
We can act as if there was a God; feel as if we were free; consider nature as if she were full of special designs, lay plans as if we were to be immortal; and we find then that these words do make a genuine difference in our moral life. Our faith that these unintelligible objects actually exist proves thus to be a full equivalent in practical insight or from the point of view of our action for a knowledge of what they might be, in case we are permitted positively to conceive them. So we have the strange phenomenon, as Kant assures us, of a mind believing with all its strength in the real presence of a set of things of no one of which it can form any notion whatever.
We are quoting largely because we cannot convey the idea of the strange eastern word Bhakti otherwise; we are only stating that in its ancient Vedic sense of Sradha, Bhakti is the “believing in order to know,” the believing not necessarily in a reality apprehend-able by the senses or the mind, or rather which does not exist at all. And curiously enough it has been admitted even by Christian mystics (Bhaktas) that the absence of definite sensible images is positively insisted on by the mystical authorities in all religions as the sine qua non of a successful orison or contemplation of the divine truths; truly it appears that Bhakti Yoga is based on what strictly speaking need not be true at all.
The crux of the whole of Bhakti Yoga is this Sradha, the belief that there is an unseen order and that our supreme good lies in adjusting our selves harmoniously thereto; rather in a belief, a creed whatever the creed may be, that things are so and so whether they are so and so or not; it is a matter of comparative indifference whether the thing believed in (to be true) is true or not; it is of the utmost importance that it is believed in as true. All our attitudes, moral, practical or emotional, as well as religious are due to the objects of our consciousness: the things which we believe to exist whether really or ideally along with our selves. Such objects may be present to our senses or they may be present to our thought; in either case they elicit from us a reaction and the reaction due to things of thought is notoriously in many cases as strong as that due to sensible presences. It may even be stronger. The memory of an insult may make us angrier than the insult did when we received it. We are frequently more ashamed of our blunders afterwards than we were at the moment of making them; and in general our whole higher prudential and moral life is based on the fact that material sensations actually present may have a weaker influence on our action than ideas of remoter facts, says William James. This is exactly what we Hindus want to convey by the idea of Sradha which by the way is derived from the very ancient root credo, cretin (slavic), a root-word found even in ancient Lithuanian.
Have then a creed; whatever it may be; believe and you shall be saved, says the Christian; and more tersely, more aptly says the Muslim: “There is none other God but Alla!” Do but realize it; let it be the slogan of this lesson.
“THERE IS NONE OTHER GOD BUT GOD!”
bhakti Yoga Lesson iI – By Bhikshu
LESSON II— Synopsis: Sradha Bhakti—Its ancient origins, the Believing in order to know—Whether true or not— Faith is the ancient (Persian) Fire—Make up your mind definitely—Have your own creed— Sradha, Belief as valued by Martin Luther—Faith and Common sense—Mantra for the Lesson.
On Sradha-Bhakti, Pandit Bhagabhat Kumar Shastri, in his work on the “Bhakti Cult in Ancient India” would tell you that sradha-bhakti was the earliest phase of the cult of devotion and that its traces are to be found in the Rg Veda wherefrom and from elsewhere he quotes elaborately. It is Sradha or faith, the believing in order to realize, that brings on realization of the Truth; Sradha is the mother and mantra is the father of the whole world of ritual, which means that you must have faith and not dissent from the outset as to whether the ritual was to produce benefit or not; Say the ancient texts: “Sradha lits the fire, sradha pours out the oblation; it is sradha that the god takes cognizance of in our prayers; is she not then the divine spirit of the ritual? Yes, she is the embodied spirit or goddess at whom the whole devotion is aimed; she is worshipped morning, evening and noon; she is to give the reward of piety; she is to grant prosperity; let her inspire the worshipper with the spirit of faith.”
Later far than the Vedas are the Puranas, especially the Mahabharata, and its statement here-on is characteristic. In the Shanti Parva (ch. 59) the Mahabharata would tell us that whether the sun arose or not, sages provoked the fire by the spirit of the Law, Dharma, and themselves being imbued full of Faith (sraddhadhanah) and self- controlled recognized Sradha as a mighty instrument; every man was indeed as powerful as was his faith, the Sradha in him, the Sradha that according to the Bhagavad Gita, the ancient translation of the original conversation between God and earliest man, was itself Man. Yo yat sradhah sa eva sah; we quote the ancient text and translate “every one is as his faith and truly is he of that faith”—nothing more goes to the real make up of man but the Ideas that are of his creed (sradha), the ideas that he has made his own by belief therein.
It is interesting to note the antiquity of the concept of Sradha faith as the believing a thing to be true whether it be true or not, for the purposes of faith. This is called Rita, as different from Satya, truth; Satya is the actual; Rita is the reality; Satya is inferior, says the Scripture, to Rita; for whereas the Law sanctions occasions when the truth shall be transcended, shalt not be uttered, the law, Dharma, is but another aspect of Rita and derived from the same root. Rita always takes precedence over satya; it evolved before the truth and Rita is but the moral order that governs the world. Rita is not untruth but the truth that is greater than truth, the belief that transcends perception that transcends the truth, by idealizing itself, by objectivizing itself as Reality.
This believing in order to know, Rita, was of fiery force said the ancients (even before the Indo-Persian separation), and the Persians carried the word athar, from the roots Rita and Dharma, as the synonym of fire; their fire priest was Atharvan the angiras (son of fire) of the Indian Aryan. Such is the antique history of the concept of rita or sradha or faith. The Semitic truly relies on Sradha or faith; either in his Shaivism worship of Shiva as the lord that will deliver us from the bondage of all (pasa) nooses; or in the Islam of surrender to Alla the transcendent, unknown, not fully knowable, God whom thou shalt believe in; the Christian defines the nature of this faith, circumscribes and still leaves its nature beyond explanation.
And the Christian scriptures extend their concept of faith, aye even to Sradha: “Therefore, when thou doest thine alms, do not sound a trumpet before thee as the hypocrites do; but let thy left hand not know what thy right hand doeth.” Hindu-Yogi Philosophy insists on the utter necessity of avoiding all insincerity in the practice of religious devotion; the Bhakti Yoga must be one pointed, ekanta, never attentive to anything else, ananya; never adulterated, avyabhichari are the words used; for in the inner life the life that is a sacrifice antar-yajna, where the soul is the sacrificer, sradha, oneness, non-division, non-divergence in the Will is the helpmate of the sacrificer, the patni (wife) of the Atma-soul. Many are the verses, advices to guard against the slightest divergence in this Will, against Asradha; it is an excellent thing, as says Stilwell, to have to make up your mind definitely, it gives all your arguments a certain definiteness and sharpness when a point is reached at which they are to produce a definite result.
And look you, this is not a matter in which you can dissent from the outset; you must have faith. But faith does not mean that you must accept any of the extant creeds and subordinate yourself thereto accordingly; quite the reverse is the teaching of the Hindu-Yogi Philosophy. And note it in the admirable words of Stilwell: “One of the causes that has shortened life in the past has been the gloomy hue given to it by established religions with their creeds of predestination, foreordination, infant damnation and the belief that the earth was a vale of sorrow from which death uplifted man and liberated him. To-day religion is being lifted up, purified, clarified and man is finding religious hope and joy.
No truth can be encompassed by creeds and copyrighted; man should be free to express his own inspiration and not be held in bondage by organizations and creeds; his mind should be always open to new thought which is truth forcing itself on man and be it new thought in an established sect or a new sect with new thoughts that uplift, they are all spiritual elevators; some appeal to one and some to others; they are a part of progress and it is right to progress, to be free to perceive and accept greater enlightenment. When man is ready for a new revelation it is given him. It is always knocking at the portals of thought as the truth in these pages and as God is the same yesterday, to-day and forever; that which was accomplished in the days of old can be accomplished now.”
When we say that you need not accept any of the extant creeds and that you ought not slavishly subordinate yourself to any of them we do not mean that you should have no creed whatever or that you should be an agnostic. That is far from the theme of Hindu Bhakti Yoga; you cannot in Bhakti Yoga have an “open mind” nor colorless opinions; but on the other hand you must have a creed, your own creed—what the creed is, does not at all matter for the purposes of Bhakti Yoga. The Bhakti Yoga is not for the many; it is not for the herd, not for the majority of persons whose actions cancel each other out; for such are those who go on from day to day with a little of this and a little of that, with a few kind and a few unkind thoughts; nothing really gets done for them. They wish a dozen different careers and the force which might have raised them up to eminence in any one of them is wasted. Body and mind are changed, changed beyond recall by nightfall. And, have they, have you asked what meaning hath any, of this change?
The sense then that there is something beyond this herd life to be attained, the desire to reach out to that life is in all Beings is their Sradha. This is the second great lesson of Bhakti Yoga, which adds, as is each one’s Sradha, that much alone is He. Christians can attune themselves to this Hindu idea best by studying it along with the quotation from Luther’s commentary on the Galatians, Ch. III-19 and II-20: “God,” says Luther, “is the God of the humble, the miserable, the oppressed and the desperate and of those that are brought even to nothing; and his nature is to give sight to the blind, to comfort the broken hearted, to justify sinners, to save the very desperate and damned.
Now, that pernicious and pestilent opinion of man’s own righteousness which will not be a sinner, unclean, miserable, damnable but righteous and why suffereth not God to come to his own natural and proper work. Therefore, God must take his maul in hand (the law I mean) to beat in pieces and bring to nothing this beast with her vain confidence that she may so learn at length by her own misery that she is utterly forlorn and damned.
But here lies the difficulty that when a man is terrified and cast down he is so little able to raise himself and say: “Now I am bruised and afflicted enough; now is the time of grace; now is the time to hear Christ.” The foolishness of man’s heart is so great that then he rather seeketh to himself more laws to satisfy his conscience. “If I live,” saith he, “I will amend my life; I will do this. I will do that.” But here, except thou do quite the contrary, except thou send away Moses with his law and in these terrors and anguish lay hold on Christ who died for thy sins, look to no salvation. Thy cowl, thy shaven crown, thy chastity, thy poverty, thy works, thy merits? What shall all these do? What shall the law of Moses avail?”
What Luther says is that the more literally lost you are, the more literally you are the very being whom Christ’s sacrifice has already saved; faith that Christ has genuinely done his work was part of what Luther meant by faith which so far is faith in a fact intellectually conceived of. Something that corresponds to the Sanskrit concept of Vishvasa—but this is only one part of Luther’s faith, the other part being more vital, the some thing not intellectual but immediate and intuitive, the assurance namely that I, this individual I, just as I stand, without one plea, etc., am saved now and forever.
Faith, says the modernist Stilwell, is the road we tread when we take our prayers to the principle of life (God) to have them answered; it is sometimes the product of years; at other times it comes instantly; faith exalts us and by it we seem enabled literally to move mountains but in reality we are lifted up into the perfect expression of life and by means of our faith the mountain disappears. When we reach the heights of perfect faith, there will be no mountains in our way.
God’s universe is governed by definite laws and by Faith we are led to understand them; prayer strengthens faith; this is its inherent value; it gives to some such great faith that they are lifted to heights from which they behold the way to the desired blessing.
We cannot alter principle by prayer or bring principle to us; we live in principle; we live in abundance; we are in the midst of plenty all the time and by Faith we lift ourselves up to where we can see the bountiful supply provided for us. Faith unlocks the secret place and its manifold blessings; therefore with all thy gettings get faith — faith that you are the son of a king whose majesty created all that was created; that your Father desires you to have all the blessings of his vast storehouse, the understanding of which will bring to you all His good and perfect gifts. If in want, know that you have not understood the principle of supply and do not pray for material things, but pray for Faith to lift you up to the understanding of God’s bounty, His limitless riches, and by Faith you will enter the world of abundance where there is no lack.
There is ample material in the forests and mountains of earth to build palaces for all the sons of God, and Faith can give you everything that life can produce. Faith is the best friend and travelling companion that man can have. Faith enables you to know that God is the soul of the universe, that you are one with God and may draw from this infinite source an unlimited supply of what you need. There is nothing Faith cannot do for us; have faith in the fact that age is a mesmerism; that it is only a man-made lie. Have faith that it is not the will and pleasure of the Infinite for you to express death. Have faith in the power of the life-thought Faith that is yours to have and to hold. But with Faith use understanding and common sense. Do not eat like a madman and expect Faith to give you the existence of a saint.
Faith that death is not a part of life will rob death of its power; if you have only enough faith so that your earthly existence will be like a tallow candle-only burn so long and go out—it will be according to your faith. If you have Faith that you are connected with the principle of life, as the electric bulb with the dynamo, your life will be much longer—as your faith, so is your life. Live! Live! Have faith you can live; have faith you will live. This is thy Sradha; just before you drop to sleep, say:
“As my mortal body renews itself, so this night my subconscious mind sings to my conscious mind all night songs of youth. I am bathed in youth and all it represents.”
Do this daily as you eat and bathe, and thus you will live and grow young. ***
कण-कण में भगवान् – एक साधक
इस देव-दुर्लभ मानव देह की प्राप्ति ईश्वर कृपा का फल है। इस संपूर्ण ब्रह्मांड में चारों ओर विस्मय ही विस्मय है। कुछ भी जानने की चेष्टा करेंगे तो जान न सकेंगे और विस्मित होकर बैठ जायेंगे। हम यहां जिस ज्ञान की बात कर रहे हैं वह सब ईश्वर के समस्त निर्माण जिसमें अदृश्य शक्तियों एवं ईश-इच्छा का संघठन है वह, मानव-मन-बुद्धि के परे है, कोई कितना भी अहंकार करता हो कि मैं जानता हूं — उसे मूर्ख समझें। पृथ्वी पर समस्त निर्माण छोटे-छोटे बीजों या कोशिकाओं द्वारा संपन्न होता है जिसकी जितनी भी चाहें परीक्षा कर लें उससे उद्भूत होने वाले पदार्थों के रंग, रूप, गन्ध, स्वाद एवं पुनः इस एक बीज से अनेकों समकक्ष बीजों की उत्पत्ति का रहस्य अचिंत्य एवं विस्मयकारी है। भारतवर्ष में जब यह कहते हैं कि ईश्वर कण-कण में विद्यमान है तो यह अतिशयोक्ति नहीं है, वरन् एक भीमकाय सत्य की स्थापना है। एक बीज में असंख्य बीजों को उत्पन्न करने की सामर्थ्य क्या ईश्वर के अतिरिक्त किसी और में हो सकती है? आकाशीय प्रत्येक शक्तियां ही संपूर्ण ब्रह्मांड को ओत-प्रोत कर सकती हैं। क्षिति, जल, पावक, गगन एवं समीर किसी न किसी रूप में समस्त ब्रह्मांड में व्याप्त हैं। ऐसा इसलिए कहने में संकोच नहीं है क्योंकि आप इनकी उपस्थिति को सर्वत्र देखते हैं, अनुभव करते हैं। आकाश एवं समय के रूप में ईश्वर के अतिरिक्त किसकी उपस्थिति हो सकती है, विचार करें।
कहीं भी, किसी रूप में यदि ‘जीवन’ की उपस्थिति है तो वह ईश्वर की ही उपस्थिति है। वैज्ञानिक जितना चाहें मंथन कर लें वह कभी समझ न पाएंगे कि ‘जीवन’ क्या है, क्यों है, कहां से है, इसके कितने रूप रंग हैं क्योंकि जीवन ईश्वर का पर्यायवाची है। ईश्वर आपके पहुंच के बाहर हैं इसलिए ‘जीवन’ का रहस्य भी आपकी पहुंच के बाहर ही होगा। अहंकार के कारण ईश्वर को न मानने वालों की संख्या ईश्वर को मानने वालों की संख्या की अपेक्षा अत्यधिक है इसलिए मानव अपने को ही पूर्ण कर्ता समझ कर जगत् में व्यवहार करता है, दु:ख का भागीदार बनता है, उल्टे सीधे कार्य करता है, दूसरों को हानि पहुंचा कर अपना लाभ प्राप्त करता है, परंतु गलत कर्म करके जिस लाभ को प्राप्त करता है वह उसे हानि पहुंचा रही है इसका अंदाजा उसे नहीं लग पाता है। अहंकार से लिप्त स्वयं को धन-धान्य से सुसज्जित करके ऐसा समझता है जैसे उसने ईश्वर से भी बड़ी कोई चीज प्राप्त कर ली है, इसीलिए ईश्वर के अस्तित्व को भी नकारता है। अज्ञानी होते हुए भी ज्ञानी होने का दम्भ भरता है, निर्बुद्धि से जकड़ा हुआ अपने को बुद्धिमान प्रकट करने की भूल करता है। सड़ता है पर मरता नहीं है क्योंकि ईश्वर के प्रकोप में ऐसा ही होता है।
ज्ञान की बात यह है कि प्रत्येक जीवन ईश्वर की अदृश्य शक्तियों से चलता है। मानव जीवन एवं शरीर भी अनेक अज्ञात शक्तियों के अधीन है। कल्पना करके देखें कि आपके बाह्य एवं आंतरिक शरीर की क्रियाएं शरीर को ठीक-ठाक रखने के लिए सतत कैसे कार्य करती रहती हैं? यूं तो ईश्वर ही अपनी समस्त ब्रह्मांड की शक्तियों का प्रेरक है तथापि मानव में कुछ स्वतंत्रता प्रदान करने के ध्येय से ईश्वर ने मानव देह में ही मानव मन की स्थापना की है जिसमें अद्भुत चेतना का संचार निरंतर चलता रहता है। मन अदृश्य, चेतना अदृश्य, शक्तियां अदृश्य फिर भी तीनों के संयोग से मानव के शरीर के अंग-प्रत्यंगों एवं अवयवों में चेतन शक्तियों का जो खेल चल रहा है क्या वह ईश्वर की उपस्थिति का द्योतक नहीं है? मन से या मन में उद्भूत कर्म या विचार अदृश्य हैं, इनके निवास स्थान का पता नहीं, परंतु यह विचार अदृश्य रूप से हमारे तन-मन को प्रतिक्षण परिवर्तित करते रहते हैं, यह अकल्पनीय एवं अद्भुत खेल है। आप मानें या न मानें, शरीरस्थ सैकड़ो ग्रंथियों से नि:सृत स्राव इन्हीं विचारों के अधीन है, शरीर इन स्रावों के अधीन है, अनेक असाध्य रोगों के गुप्त रूप से प्रकट होने में मन एवं विचार के अदृश्य रूप से क्रिया का फल है जिसके बारे में मेडिकल साइंस भी अंधेरे में है और इसलिए विज्ञान का इतना अधिक विकास होने के बाद भी किसी असाध्य रोग के विषय में कोई जानकारी नहीं है। गुप्त रूप से कार्य करने वाली अदृश्य शक्तियों के क्रिया-कलाप का कोई ज्ञान मेडिकल साइंस (आयुर्विज्ञान) को नहीं है इसलिए असाध्य रोगों के उपचार का भी कोई समाधान नहीं है।
कभी भी पृथ्वी पर भौतिक शास्त्र या भौतिक विज्ञान से मानव जीवन चलने के अनेकानेक सिद्धांतों को जान लेने या उनको जीवनोपयोगी बनाने से अदृश्य शक्तियों के खेल को नहीं समझा जा सकता है। विज्ञान या वैज्ञानिक पृथ्वी पर दृश्य पदार्थों एवं घटनाओं से उत्पन्न होने वाले अनेकानेक दुर्घटनाओं से भी मानव के जीवन को सुरक्षित रखने में असहाय हैं, यद्यपि डींगें बड़ी-बड़ी मारी जाती हैं। जाने-माने वैज्ञानिकों को भी इस बात का इल्म नहीं है कि जब सब कुछ नियमानुसार एवं निगरानी में किए जाने वाले कार्य भी असफल हो जाते हैं तब ये इस बात का छिद्रान्वेषण करने लगते हैं कि गलती कहां हुई। अपनी संकीर्ण बुद्धि के द्वारा किसी निष्कर्ष पर न पहुंचने पर बुद्धि द्वारा बुद्धि के विकास में लग जाते हैं जो कभी उन्हें कारण जानने की मार्मिकता तक नहीं पहुंचा पाता है। अध्यात्म यह कहता है कि किसी दृश्यमान घटना के घटित होने के पीछे बहुकाल से आकाश में अदृश्य रूप से घटनाओं का क्रमबद्ध निर्माण हो रहा है जो अंततः हमें पृथ्वी पर एक घटना के रूप में दिखाई देती है। हम कहना यह चाहते हैं कि अदृश्य शक्तियों का खेल पूरे ब्रह्मांड में चलता रहता है जो अपना प्रभाव भौतिक संसार में लगातार उत्पन्न करता है जिसका हमें बोध नहीं है। शारीरिक रोग हो अथवा प्रकटरूप से घटित होने वाली घटना हो या अन्य कोई भी क्रियाकलाप हो जो बुद्धि द्वारा समझी नहीं जा सकती, उन सब के पीछे अदृश्य शक्तियों के खेल को स्वीकार करना ही होगा। ईश्वर की उपस्थिति को स्वीकार करना ही होगा, कोई विकल्प है नहीं।
अन्यान्य प्राणियों की तरह मानव भी अपनी आकृति द्वारा जाना जाता है। मानव की सबसे बड़ी बात यह है कि वह अपनी उत्पत्ति को ईश्वर या परमात्मा का प्रसाद मानता है, उसकी कृपा मानता है। समस्त मायाकृत रचना ईश्वर की संपदा है और इनका सदुपयोग करके मानव को उत्तरोत्तर गति प्राप्त करते हुए पृथ्वी पर आनंदमय होकर जीने की कला से परिचित होना चाहिए। परम आत्मा के आत्म तत्व की प्रत्येक मानव में उपस्थिति है, इस पर विचार करना होगा। क्या आपका ध्यान इस ओर जाता है कि ईश्वर की उपस्थिति का अवश्य ही कोई प्रयोजन होगा? शास्त्रोक्त कथन है कि ईश्वर ने मानव को अपनी प्रतिच्छाया के रूप में उतारा है, पृथ्वी पर मानव उतारने के पहले, अतिरमणीय रचना द्वारा पृथ्वी को सुसज्जित किया है। ठीक भी है, यदि भगवान् को पृथ्वी पर उतरना है तो अवश्य ही चारों ओर आनंद की छटा होनी ही चाहिए। पृथ्वी पर उपस्थित विद्या रूपी अविद्या ने मानव जीवन को आनंदित बनाने के बजाय दुःखी कर दिया है। 99.9% मानव दुःखी हैं, सुखी इने-गिने लोगों को ज्ञान रूपी दीपक लेकर खोजना पड़ेगा। घृत जब तक दीपक में है वह जलता रहता है, घृत जब तक मानव जीवन में है तब तक वह चलता रहता है और ज्ञान घृत जब इंसान को प्राप्त होता है तो वह बदलने लगता है; स्वयं प्रकाशित हुआ औरों को प्रकाशित करने की क्षमता प्राप्त करता है। बीज एवं उससे उत्पन्न पेड़ की जड़ सदैव जमीन के नीचे रहते हैं परंतु पूरे पेड़ को पोषित करते हैं। सत्य ज्ञान रूपी घृत भी मनुष्य में गुप्त रहता है परंतु इससे ही मनुष्य का जीवन सुखद होता है। समस्त मानव का जीवन-चक्र भी स्वतः पोषित नहीं है। इसका पोषण देह में उपस्थित ईश्वर द्वारा होता है। जो देह स्थित ईश्वर को प्रसन्न करते हैं, वे स्वयं प्रसन्न हो जाते हैं, जो कलुषित विचारों के साथ कार्य करने में लिप्त होते हैं, वे दुःखी होते हैं। ईश्वर सर्वत्र विद्यमान है इसलिए बिना ईश्वर के हमारा अस्तित्व ही नहीं बनता है।
यो माम् पश्यति सर्वत्र सर्वम् च मयि पश्यति। तस्य अहम् न प्रणश्यामि स च मे न प्रणश्यति॥ (गीता 6.30)
जो सर्वत्र मुझे देखता है तथा सब कुछ मुझ में देखता है, उसको मैं कभी ओझल नहीं होता हूं।
विज्ञान द्वारा विकास आज के युग में मानव के पतन का सबसे बड़ा कारण है। आज विश्व में जो कुछ चल रहा है और अनेकानेक जुगत (gadgets) जिनका निर्माण सिर्फ धनार्जन के लिए हो रहा है उसके द्वारा मानव मन विश्व के साथ संपर्क स्थापित करके क्या कर रहा है, इसका उसको पता ही नहीं है। जितना अधिक विज्ञान का विकास हो रहा है, उतना अधिक मानव का पतन हो रहा है। धन से सुख नहीं है; धन इकट्ठा करने से, बोझा लादने से, बोझ के नीचे दब जाने से घटता है। इसके विपरीत ज्ञान, सत्य ज्ञान, लोगों में बांटने से बढ़ता है। आपको पता नहीं कि जब आप ज्ञान बाटते हैं तो बाटने की रिक्तिता न उपस्थित हो इसके कारण अंदर से आपको ज्ञान का स्रोत प्राप्त होता है जो अकल्पनीय है, परंतु है। धन कितना भी इकट्ठा कर लो सदैव थोड़ा ही लगता है। ज्ञान थोड़ा भी हो वह बहुत लगने लगता है। इतना अधिक लगता है कि बांटने का मन करता है। धन शारीरिक सुख देता है, ज्ञान मानसिक।
धनी व्यक्ति से पृथ्वी से प्रस्थान करते समय यदि पूछा जाए कि पूरे जीवन में क्या पाया जो लेकर जा रहे हो तो उत्तर होगा सब खो के जा रहे हैं। ज्ञानी से यदि पूछा जाए कि क्या लेकर जा रहे हो तो ज्ञानी कहेगा की जीवन में जो कुछ अर्जित किया वह सब साथ लेकर जा रहा हूं। मृत्योपरांत ऊपर के किसी लोक में जाकर धनी व्यक्ति अपने कुकृत्यों द्वारा संचित कर्मों का भोग करेगा, ज्ञानी समस्त कर्मों का नाश करके पृथ्वी से जाता है इसलिए अपनी आध्यात्मिक प्रगति के लिए पुनः कर्म करने के लिए प्रेरित होगा। उसे यदि पृथ्वी पर वापस आना भी पड़ा तो आनंद एवं ज्ञान बिखेरने के लिए आएगा।